Race can be a tricky issue, and a difficult one to speak about. This article is meant for my fellow white people, to start a conversation about what we can be doing, and especially to my Christian brothers and sisters, to think a bit about how we can best live out the gospel within the difficult reality of our culture. 

When I was in elementary school and started learning about things like slavery and Jim crow laws, I remember feeling confused at how people could ever think that what they were doing was right. As I grew up and continued to grow in my Christian faith, I began to learn how sin and pride blinds us to the truth and to the hurt that exists around us. I believe in the good news that Jesus Christ came to forgive our sins, bring us into personal relationship with God, and become good just like the God who created us. As I continue to see how easy it is to create enemies and foster bad ideas towards people who are different than me, I don't think it's that big of a stretch that racism would continue to be a big problem in our society and our hearts even long after segregation has ended. The law, sadly, can't change our hearts. 

At both the heart of racism and the heart of sin is pride. Even when we are part of a problem, it's easy to priortise defending ourselves over listening to the person or people we are hurting. When I look at the rich traditions of the Black church in America, I'm amazed at how they have been able to hold to this faith despite many white Christians historically using that same faith to support racist structures and beliefs.  And from my limited perspective, it seems like the modern church isn’t doing enough to apologise, make up for, and teach against this enormous sin that was so recent in our history. 

This is how I started to think about this reality- The Civil Rights movement was less than 75 years ago. It makes sense that we would still be working through the entire system of racism and prejudice that many people who are alive now lived through. If someone says American’s racist past is over, I would challenge them to do this basic math. Many of the same people who were fighting for racist systems and laws are still alive or their laws still intact. How would we be fully rid of this problem? Even if you disagree on how exactly this works out in terms of the government and their policies/actions, it comes down to this- if racial reconciliation isn’t a priority in your life, you should rethink the implications of the gospel you claim to believe in.  
If racial reconciliation isn’t a priority in your life, you should rethink the implications of the gospel you claim to believe in.  

To say it in another way, here’s something I recently tweeted:  

Black churches and black people have felt the stain of prejudice in their lives. Us white Christians need to use whatever voice we have to make sure our nation and our larger world does better. 

I am far from the exception to this. I’ve spent most of my life simply thinking I’m not a part of the problem because I am not racist on a day to day basis. But the second half of my life has taught me that there’s so much beyond my own experience, and so much more I can be doing. If the highest standard I’m holding myself to is not actively being racist, I have failed to represent Jesus in this world.  
If the highest standard I’m holding myself to is not actively being racist, I have failed to represent Jesus in this world.  
So as I’m thinking about and working through this for myself, here are some things that I’m trying to do and invite you (if you are a White Christian) to start doing as well.  

This includes black voices on social media, as well as in our local communities and amongst our own social groups. Learning to listen is really important, and something that I’m working on. Sometimes we want to be defensive (things like saying, "oh well my family wasn’t even in America during slavery", "my family is Italian they were also discriminated against", "I have my problems too", "I’m not racist"). Instead of saying those things, really try to listen to the suffering, pain, and anxiety other people are expressing. Everyone deals with their own suffering, but the suffering that many black Americans feel because of their blackness is separate from any suffering you have been through yourself. Instead of defending yourself or trying to compare trials, acknowledge the suffering and pain of Black Americans. 

The racist system we live in is not always simple or straightforward. Sometimes it's not just about individual bias (although it can certainly be). But simply because a person isn't racist, doesn't mean the system they are in doesn't have racist implications. For example, one can look at the fact that the mortality rate for black mothers is significantly higher than that of other races in America (https://www.americashealthrankings.org/explore/health-of-women-and-children/measure/maternal_mortality_a). Part of that likely is instances of individual racism, but a lot of it is also things like less access to medical care in black neighbourhoods, less black people being insured, and cultural differences between white and black doctors/patients that make communication difficult. If we are going to solve the problems in our society, we have to be willing to look at a plethora of reasons existing in the system, and go to solve those. Read books about these problems, educate yourself on them, and you’ll become more compassionate towards people who express similar problems. 

Put pressure on local systems to change: because of all of the small problems underlying our society culminating in this bigger one, sometimes the solution is not as easy as voting for the right president on the federal level. (Not that voting isn’t important- please do). But also try to look at the systems in your local community and think about how you can advocate on even a small level to fix some of these problems. 

This isn't a full list of things you can do- just a start. I'm going to end this blog post sooner rather than later because my whole point is that I’m trying to push you to read some non-white people about this problem we have. 

As a start, here are some of my favourite black Christians to follow on twitter-  

@Stewartdantec : Self-described as a Husband, Father, Seminarian, Preacher, and Writer, Danté has written for Christianity Today and always has an emotionally-intelligent and observant thing to say. He's also always pointing to other black voices to listen to- I get a lot of book reccs from his Twitter threads. 
@esaumccaulley: A distinguished author of "Reading While Black: African American Biblical Interpretation As An Exercise in Hope," follow for some great takes on theology, literature, and history. 
@WilGafney: I've only just started following "Mama Yoda," (that name may change as she changes her Twitter name frequently) but she has a lot of great things to say about a large amount of topics including Hebrew Bible translation and sci-fi. You can find her blog as well at wilgafney.com and her book "Womanist Midrash" here. 

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And a few books by Black authors I have recently enjoyed (Descriptions taken from amazon.com)

• The Cross and the Lynching Tree by James H. Cone: The cross and the lynching tree are the two most emotionally charged symbols in the history of the African American community. In this powerful new work, theologian James H. Cone explores these symbols and their interconnection in the history and souls of black folk.
• Americanah by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie: The story of two Nigerians making their way in the U.S. and the UK, raising universal questions of race and belonging, the overseas experience for the African diaspora, and the search for identity and a home.
• Born a Crime by Trevor Noah: The compelling, inspiring, and comically sublime story of one man’s coming-of-age, set during the twilight of apartheid and the tumultuous days of freedom that followed

Follow them, read them, start listening, and God forgive our sinful, racist souls.  

Before I end this blog post, let me leave you with one thing. I think it's so wonderful how even within the very limited scope of these London churches, how I was able to see the diversity of tradition and plurality in how people relate to their beliefs differently. We were made differently and come from different cultures, surely it makes sense that the way we worship could be different too! Katie, Hannah, and I have already started planning our next #churchcrawl for May when we get back from break. What churches do you think we should include? Let me know! 

Also feel free to check out Katie's blog www.theamericaninlondon! 

Disclaimer: I chose to focus mostly on the services themselves rather than my theological interpretation of the services and the scriptural content of their messages. That blog post would be a separate, and probably way more controversial one, but I'm happy to do it if people are curious! 

"Oh, you're from New York? You must be LOVING the tube!" 

The amount of times I've heard this in the month that I've been living in London is unbelievable. And most of the time from Californians (might I remind them, L.A. barely has a transportation system, but I digress). 

But is there any truth to it? In a battle of metro/subway systems, who comes out on top? 
Here's my hot take. 

*A quick sidenote, this has to do all with the actual experience of taking the train, rather than an analysis of the routes and effectiveness of the system. If you're looking for that, I'm sure it's somewhere online with loads of statistics. 

1. The Tube has a shorter learning curve once you're underground. 

I've lived in New York City for most of my life, and I still sometimes don't know where I'm supposed to go. But the Tube's signage is outstanding- there's always information for where each line takes you as you're waiting for the train, always signs telling you the "way out," where to catch another line, etc. There's the ease of contactless payment that avoids the awkward watching-tourists-swipe-twelve-times-in-a-row thing, and the speakers even tell you what side of the train (left/right) the next station will be on! (Although counterpoint, transfers may take longer because of the extensive corridors you may have to go through.)

That being said, the tube better have good signage, because

2. The Tube doesn't have Wifi or service in most stations and that is FRUSTRATING. 

It's the 21st Century. We are more than capable in creating underground service. And yet, in London, unless you're on a line that operates in stations above ground, you probably won't ever have service. 

Now, service on the subway in NYC is spotty and not perfect, but in recent years, I've had the assurance that at some point on my train ride, I'll have service at various points. So, I'm not usually stressed out about how to get to where I'm going because I can look it up again once I get closer. Ah, the wonders of Citimapper alerting me to get up before my stop. 

3. They're both? Kind of? Gross?

The key point that most of these aforementioned people have queue'ed me in on, was that the subway is disgusting. I can't fully argue with this. Although I think Europeans take the pizza rat meme too seriously, there's a point to the image of a hairy rodent sliming along the stairway of a global cities' streets. 

That having been said, the Tube isn't so great either. I will say, generally, I've found the NYC traincars to be cleaner. Most of them are fairly new, and made out of metal/plastic, which is easily cleaned. On the other hand, the tube's trains really depend on which line you're on. The Circle and District Lines are pretty clean, while the Picadally and Jubilee Line sort of break down. They're also pretty cramped and have fabric-lined seats, which I can't imagine are harsh to incoming germs in the area.

On the other hand, the tube's stations are much cleaner. It also depends where you are in London, but I haven't witnessed anything close to the unadulterated stench of the Lexington Avenue and 53rd street station. 

4. The Subway is such a cultural experience. 

There's a simultaineous annoyance and endurance about the street performers who enter the trains. I usually roll my eyes at the dancers flinging themselves over the metal bars, but there's a few singing groups on the F train I really appreciate and even take off my ear buds for. I've seen a few performers in the stations of London, but nothing close to the amount of performers in the NYC subway. Entering Union Square will surely have you in awe at the level of talent that is so clearly apparant in this city. 

Some of you may see this as a negative, but I love it. Point to NYC for me. 

5. The Subway is FLOODED with delays. 

You knew this. I knew this. Bill DeBlasio knows this (or has at least, been told). And yes, the Brits seem to be on strike every few days, which causes more crowds on the working trains, but that only turns into a slighly longer commute than usual. One time in New York delays turned a 20 minute journey into an hour one. That's miserable (I'm looking at you, 1 train). 

So, which one's better?

In terms of getting you where you need to go, I might have to go with the Tube. It's seemingly more reliable and gets the job done. (I'm not even including double decker buses in this analysis, those are really where it's at, excitement-wise). 

But NYC is my home, and there's a certain weight of culture and iconicity that would seem to boost up the subway's rep. If you're in for an experience, the subway's music and access to wifi might be a better option

So, I guess the anwer is it depends. Do you prize a metro-system for its effectiveness or its other more 'fun' qualities. Or do you just care about how clean it is? In that case, which one is 'less-worse' may actually be a better question. 

And here's an extra flick of me on the subway with my bestie just for fun. 

I have such a profound respect for what comedians are capable of. Anyone can make people laugh in a conversational, casual dinner party type way, and everyone has an anecdote or two sure to make their friends giggle. But to stand in front of an audience you don't know who come from different backgrounds and talk at them for an hour hoping they won't completely hate you is a feat only known to comedians and pastors. 

I've been really getting into comedy recently. And because of Netflix's thorough assortment of comedy specials, I've been able to watch quite a few recently. So, without further adieu, here is my list (unordered) of my favorite comedy specials. Please note, this is only my particular comedic taste and I haven't watched everything available. But, if someone were to ask me for a suggestion, this is the direction I would point them in.

1. Colin Quinn's New York Story

My parents make everyone who walk into our living room watch this. That is not an exaggeration. Quinn's portrayal of the history of New York City through comedy is poignant, hilarious, and education (somewhat) as he goes from the time of Native Americans to the Dutch all the way through immigration waves of Italians, Puerto Ricans, Chinese and more. You probably won't understand all of this show if you're not from here. Some of my friends who live in the city but aren't FROM the city (meaning they moved here as kids, their parents didn't grow up here) don't necessarily get it. That being said, if you are from New York, this piece is a spectacular cultural immersion. (And it's funny too). 

2. John Mulaney's Comeback Kid

From the Catholic Church to Bill Clinton, marriage to Real Estate, the 80s and dog training, Mulaney has effortlessly crafted a juxtaposition of the wholesome and obscene. He has this childish energy about him that makes me smile watching him over and over. I've watched all of the John Mulaney comedy specials, and this is by far my favorite. If you want to feel metaphorically hugged with laughter, to feel safe and smiley, the Comeback Kid is a must. 

3. Hasan Minaj's Homecoming King

This one I can't watch over and over. Minaj's comedy style is reminiscent of the original definition of comedy by Aristotle himself. It's not just about making people laugh in a senseless void- it's about being able to artfully manipulate the audience's emotions; to make them cry and then laugh and then cry again. Hasan tells the story of his life as an Indian American growing up in California. He makes us hate the girl who stands him up for prom, appreciate his supportive parents, and laugh at racism as a bizarre, irrational hatred that doesn't make any sense. So this one isn't a go-to for background noise or a quick laugh- but it is gorgeous nevertheless. 

4. Ryan Hamilton's Happy Face

"Happy Face" is similar to a John Mulaney style of comedy in that Ryan Hamilton comes off as such a wholesome, happy person. In fact, he makes fun of the fact that his resting face is one of a ecstatic bright eyed boy from Idaho (yes, he's from Idaho). Covering such topics as cocaine on the New York City subway, growing up in a small town, and hot air balloons (I kid you not, there's about 15 minutes of hot air balloons), you won't regret clicking on this one. 
​

5. Jen Kirkman's I'm Gonna Die Alone (And I Feel Fine) 

Jen Kirkman is the first female comedian whose style I really vibe with. I have to venture into more female comedians, but some of the mainstream ones I have watched (including Amy Schumer and Sarah Silverman) just don't strike the comedy chord in my bones. Kirkman's style reminds me of the fictional Marvelous Mrs. Maisel from the Amazon series of that name. She can be crude at times but on the whole she is clever, relatable, and you really get the sense that she's truly being herself through her comedy. 

6. Trevor Noah's Afraid of the Dark

Maybe I'm just a sucker for a good honest mixture of historical education and a good laugh, but Trevor Noah's Afraid of the Dark is fantastic. It didn't make me cry like Homecoming King, but it's definitely along a similar vein of recounting his experience as a person of color (or, as you learn in the special, a way more complex way of viewing race in South Africa). Trevor Noah does a great impersonation of Nelson Mandela and really challenges the American understanding of race and culture. 

So those are the objective BEST comedy specials on Netflix. The end. 

I am kidding, of course, but I do want to leave you with one last thing. This list isn't perfect. In fact, making this list of my favorite comedies made me realize that I would really love to get immersed in a more diverse group of comedians including those from other countries and cultures. If you have any comedians you would recommend, please do! Although I'm starting uni soon and won't have as much time to binge, I could always use a little laughter. :) 

PS- In the process of this post, I also came up with a list of comedy specials I absolutely can't stand. Let me know if you would be interested in hearing some of that tea.  

Across the United States, I hear choirs of juniors and seniors (maybe even a few anxious sophomores) groaning in union about the dreaded college process. Between SATs that seem to determine the future, college essays that seem to make no sense, and trauamtic stories about perfect 4.0, 1600 students getting rejected by Harvard or Stanford, the country seems united under their preparatory grief. How did I avoid the anxiety? I turned on my laptop and hopped across the pond. 

Granted, this is an over simplified explanation of what actually happened when I decided to apply to university (Brits don't say college to speak about undergraduate years) in the UK. Any process includes a certain amount of stress and applying to Oxbridge (the term used to designate Oxford and Cambridge) brings with it an added layer of stress. But, having applied to schools both in the US and the UK, I feel as if I have a pretty solid understanding of the differences between the two, and possibly which one is better (read until the end to find out). 

1. Everything's a lot more transparent. 
In the US, it has become pretty commonplace to hear of a student with extremely high grades and SAT scores to get rejected from an elite school or for a mediocre student with insignificant grades to get wholeheartedly accepted. This is because of the focus most schools have on a so-called "wholistic application." In theory, this means admissions officers consider not only your grades, but also all of the context surrounding them, including your family background, extra-curriculars, common app essay, supplemental essays, and more. This sounds great! Even if you don't have the best grades, it is possible that the rest of your application could make up for that! 

In practice, however, I believe it causes a lot of unnecessary stress for students. In the UK (and most of Europe, I believe), universities publish the scores a student must get in order to be considered for their program. Students are encouraged to only apply to universities within the range of the grades they accept and the grades (or predicted scores) they have received. (I should note that there is still a way for students from underprivileged schools to be viewed in the context of their school, just like in America). When I applied to 5 British universities, I had strong confidence I would get accepted into 4 out of 5 of them because my scores were at the level or greater than the ones called for in that particular university (the 5th was Oxford, which has a more complicated process). When looking at my American list, I could only say with confidence that I would make two of the schools, even though the range of my scores fit into the 'averages' of many of the other schools as well. 

Furthermore, I believe the wholistic process leaves opportunity for more individual prejudice in the application process. A friend told me a story of how a Stanford student found out they only got accepted because they mentioned a book that was a favorite of the particular admissions officer that read their college essay. That's terrific for that student, but I think of how the wholistic process can easily become an excuse in the opposite direction to accept a student based on their beliefs, convictions, or trivial interests on the premise that they did not have a good 'wholistic' application. 

2. You have to know what you want. 

On the UCAS application form, you can only apply to 5 schools in the UK. You also have to apply for a certain degree (such as "Asian Studies" or "Mathematics") and have some level of interest and experience demonstrated in that particular field. This is in stark contrast to the American process which doesn't require you to pick a major until often your second year of school unless attempting to be in specialized departments like engineering. Some schools ask for your intended majors, but you are not accepted based on your fulfillment of experience for those majors. 

This is a controversial point of divide. For students like me, who have known for a long time what they wanted to study, the British system is favorable, since I can be awarded for my focused time reading and creating with respect to that particular course. Most American students, however, have not been trained to choose an area of study in their high school careers and thus would not be ready to switch to a system where they could only study one subject. British students have an advantage here, since they have selected only three or four subjects to study during 6th form (the last two years of high school). 

​3. You may not have to decide now. 

From my experience in the US, the term 'gap year' is usually saved for the children of wealthy parents who choose to defer their enrollment and travel the world and find themselves. In the UK, gap years are much more common. Although university enrollment is looked favorably upon, many students know ahead of time they are going to take a year for a particular program or internship or even to work in order to pay for university tuition. Many students even take a few extra years to retake A Level exams until they receive the scores they need to attend a particular university. I haven't seen much of this in America. Even though tuition is extraordinarily higher in the US, most students are encouraged to enter right into college and use a combination of working during the four years and private loans to make up the difference. I'm not sure which system is better since I have only experienced one, but I do think this is something worth considering. 

​So, which system is better? Should you drop your star-spangled flags now, exit chrome without saving your Common App, and book the next flight to Great Britain? Or should you keep chanting, buy more SAT prep books, and find the best moment to define your life for your college essay? 

I would perhaps suggest neither. Both systems have their pros and cons, and much of it depends entirely on the student. However, I do highly recommend Americans (and Brits for that matter) take some time to look at the other system and see if it might be the right fit. Applying to 5 schools on the UCAS form only costs about $30 after all, which is less than half of the cost to apply to just Harvard. After all, this is a big life decision, and you might as well have some extra biscuits on the platter to choose from. (That was my attempt at a metaphor).

If you like this kind of blog post, let me know! I'm extremely interested in comparing different cultures and systems and may soon have the opportunity to do more of it. :) 

“They say the streets of heaven are paved with gold. But they’ve forgotten to pave the sidewalks at all.”

    Any New Yorker knows that there are distinctly different types of concrete comprising the sidewalks of the city. Of course you have the basic, white, slabs stationed all the way from Williamsburg to the Upper East Side, but the closer you get to Bushwick the more dark gum spots stain the floor beneath and the dirt from your shoes seem to have permanently sunk into the pavement. I mean yes, the Vanderbilt's could transport the yellow brick road from Oz itself if they really wanted to and I’m sure the Rothschild’s have purchased the London Bridge at some point, but when you step out of the subway onto Park Avenue the dichotomy is almost as clear as the marble. 
    Take a walk downtown and you’ll see how the early rockers carved their names into the streets by its resemblance to the alleys of Europe. Cobblestone, bricks, and pebbles lead the way to Electric Lady Studios on West 8th. Abbey Road is in Camden but it could just as well be in Greenwich Village. Until NYU moved into town, at which point much of the original cobble dripping with pigeon droppings was replaced with new cobble, cobble made somewhere in China as a red-carpet for the piles of Midwestern kids moving in to discover their inner Clapton. 
    If you can bear to be on the train for so long, take the E and transfer to the M into middle of nowhere Middle Village, Queens, where you’ll be greeted by a roller coaster of stone, brown rocky-mountain slush-turned concrete placed in squares too small for their size.
    And when you can’t take it anymore, when you want uniformity and less disparity, you’re perfectly free to take a PATH or LIRR train out of the city. Go to New Jersey or Long Island and you won’t have any more problems. Complete neighborhoods have selected their ground in a zoning meeting somewhere and so everywhere it’s the same. Or maybe there is no sidewalk at all- after all, why walk past the homeless man and be forced into making eye contact with him when you can drive by the mall on your way to soccer practice?  In New York, even the Vanderbilt's have to step out onto the pavement on their way to the Opera.

- Alexandra G. Kytka